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Difference between revisions of "Investigation of Metal Diffusion in Oxides for CBRAM Applications"

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==Short Description==
 
==Short Description==
At IBM Research – Zurich the Neuromorphic Devices & Systems group is working on an implementation of a neural network based on integrated silicon photonic technology. Recently we developed integrated, multi-level optical synaptic elements. These elements will be embedded in an optical neural network.
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The goal of this project is to develop a framework for the determination of diffusion parameters of metal atoms in amorphous oxides. In the first stage of the project, you will become familiar with state-of-the-art simulation software involving density functional theory (DFT) and/or force-field based techniques. In parallel, you will learn how to deal with large data sets and how to process them efficiently by your own analysis scripts. In the second stage, you will createa framework which allows you to set up, run and analyze a large number of simulations efficiently on our in-house  HPC  clusters. In a third  stage  (Master’s  thesis), you will apply your  framework to a large number  of metal/oxide pairs and analyze them regarding their applicability in CBRAM applications
In a first part of the Master thesis, you will address the characterization of such weighting elements. During this task, you will measure the device transmission, set up and perform the electro-optical measurements and analyze your measurement results. In a second task, you will design an interface between hardware and software to control multiple of these elements in parallel. Therefore, designing of electrical connections, programming of microcontrollers, as well as setting up an interfacing software will be required.
 
  
==The Big Picture-Neuromorphic Computing==
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==The Big Picture==
 
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Conductive bridging RAM (CBRAM)is an emerging(non-)volatile memory storage technology. Its operation principle relies on the repeatable formation and disruption of a metallic filament bridging an oxide layer sandwiched between two electrodes. Therein, the diffusivity of the involved metal ions in the oxide plays a crucial role by governing the rate  of growth and dissolution  of  the  filament. The Nano-TCAD  group  has  developed  a  model  in  COMSOL to simulate ON/OFF switching in CBRAM. So far, the model depends on a number of free input parameters, among them critical ones such as the diffusion coefficients of the involved species. Therefore, we aim at replacing these by values derived from DFT. Eventually, this refined model should not only help us to understand and confirm results obtained  from experimental  measurements, but  could  also  be  used  to predict  the behavior  of new, not-yet-fabricated devices.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability to perform tasks that are generally associated with intelligent beings. Recently, bio- and neuro-inspired (neuromorphic) algorithms have attracted considerable attention with their ability to extract structure and knowledge from huge unstructured data sets by relying solely on limited domain expert knowledge. To execute these new algorithms efficiently at the large scale required in datacenters or, for example, to interpret sensor data locally in embedded, very low-power devices, we need novel neuromorphic compute architectures and hardware.
 
To compute and train neuromorphic and AI algorithms, digital processors (CPUs, GPUs, TPUs, FPGAs and ASICs) are used today. One promising alternative to the large, costly and power-hungry digital logic is analog computing, where computationally expensive operations are offloaded to specialized accelerators comprising analog elements with the promise to accelerate existing schemes by factors of 1000 to 10,000. Non-volatile synaptic elements are at the core of such novel computing systems.
 
  
 
==The Environment-IBM Research Zurich==
 
==The Environment-IBM Research Zurich==

Revision as of 18:22, 3 September 2019

Short Description

The goal of this project is to develop a framework for the determination of diffusion parameters of metal atoms in amorphous oxides. In the first stage of the project, you will become familiar with state-of-the-art simulation software involving density functional theory (DFT) and/or force-field based techniques. In parallel, you will learn how to deal with large data sets and how to process them efficiently by your own analysis scripts. In the second stage, you will createa framework which allows you to set up, run and analyze a large number of simulations efficiently on our in-house HPC clusters. In a third stage (Master’s thesis), you will apply your framework to a large number of metal/oxide pairs and analyze them regarding their applicability in CBRAM applications

The Big Picture

Conductive bridging RAM (CBRAM)is an emerging(non-)volatile memory storage technology. Its operation principle relies on the repeatable formation and disruption of a metallic filament bridging an oxide layer sandwiched between two electrodes. Therein, the diffusivity of the involved metal ions in the oxide plays a crucial role by governing the rate of growth and dissolution of the filament. The Nano-TCAD group has developed a model in COMSOL to simulate ON/OFF switching in CBRAM. So far, the model depends on a number of free input parameters, among them critical ones such as the diffusion coefficients of the involved species. Therefore, we aim at replacing these by values derived from DFT. Eventually, this refined model should not only help us to understand and confirm results obtained from experimental measurements, but could also be used to predict the behavior of new, not-yet-fabricated devices.

The Environment-IBM Research Zurich

IBM Research GmbH, Zurich Research Laboratory (ZRL), with approximately 350 employees, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the IBM Research division with headquarters at the T.J. Watson Research Centre in Yorktown Heights, NY, USA. ZRL, which was established in 1956, represents the European branch of IBM Research. At ZRL scientific and industrial research is conducted in five scientific and technical departments, in particular in the: Science and Technology department.

Throughout the history of this department, scientists have made major contributions to the advancement of knowledge in solid-state physics, stimulated by problems relevant to technology. Today research focuses on different areas of technological significance, such as photonics and optoelectronics, CMOS and post-CMOS, micro fabrication, packaging and life sciences. This effort is supported by the newly opened Binnig and Rohrer Nanotechnology Centre, offering state of the art micro fabrication yet with the required flexibility for any research at the frontier between industrial and academic research.

With more than 100 students and young researchers (including Master and PhD students, as well as postdoctoral researchers), our laboratory offers a dynamic and international environment for excellent science and provides a unique opportunity to extend your research skills. The laboratory equipment for the project defined in this Master thesis is state-of-the art, and allows to perform novel and exciting experiments.


Status: Available

Looking for 1 Master student
Interested candidates please contact: Dr. Stephan Abel
ETH Contact: Mathieu Luisier

Prerequisites

We are seeking a candidate with a strong interest in integrated optics as well as basic knowledge of microcontroller programming, object-oriented programming and circuit design. You should be enrolled as a student at ETH Zurich. For this master project you should be available for a period of at least 6 months starting in Fall 2018.


Professor

Mathieu Luisier

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